How To Interpret Your DHEAS Test Results

Written By
Dr. Jaime Cloyd ND

Updated On
January 13, 2025

DHEA-S, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, plays a pivotal role in the body's endocrine system. It is a precursor for other hormones like estrogen and testosterone, influencing various physiological processes. Understanding the importance of DHEA-S testing is crucial as it pertains to comprehensive hormonal evaluation and supporting overall well-being. DHEA-S levels can provide valuable insights into adrenal gland function and hormonal balance, helping to uncover potential endocrinological imbalances. The DHEA-S blood test is one tool that can guide individuals and their healthcare providers in making informed decisions about their health.

What is DHEA-S?

DHEA, or dehydroepiandrosterone, is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. The ovaries, testes, and brain also synthesize it in smaller amounts. DHEA is a precursor hormone converted into DHEA-S (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) in the adrenal glands. Both DHEA and DHEA-S are important hormones in the endocrine system with various roles.

DHEA serves as a precursor for the production of sex hormones, including estrogen and testosterone. DHEA levels tend to decrease with age, and some people consider DHEA supplements for potential benefits related to aging.

DHEA-S is the sulfated form of DHEA and is the most abundant circulating steroid hormone in the body. It acts as a reservoir that can be converted back into DHEA and other active sex hormones when needed. DHEA-S is measured in the blood to assess adrenal gland function because its concentration is about a thousand-fold greater than that of DHEA.

The DHEA-S Test: Purpose and Procedure

The DHEA-S test is ordered for various reasons, such as evaluating adrenal gland function and assessing health conditions. It helps indicate adrenal disorders such as adrenal tumors or adrenal hyperplasia. Doctors may also order DHEA-S testing to assess testicular and ovarian conditions and conditions like early puberty in boys or masculinization in women and girls.

The DHEA-S test is usually performed as a simple blood test through a blood spot or blood draw. Unlike other hormones, DHEA-S levels are stable throughout the day, so the timing of the test will not affect the results. Fasting is generally not required unless specified by a healthcare provider.

Interpreting Your Test Results

Normal DHEA-S levels vary depending on age and sex. Levels outside normal ranges may indicate an underlying health condition. Typical DHEA-S reference ranges by age and sex are:

Females

  • 1-12 months: 4.8-64.1 µg/dL
  • 1-4 years: 1.8-97.2 µg/dL
  • 5-8 years: 26.1-141.9 µg/dL
  • 9-11 years: 35-192.6 µg/dL
  • 12-14 years: 67.8-328.6 µg/dL
  • 15-19 years: 110−433.2 µg/dL
  • 20-29 years: 65-380 µg/dL
  • 30-39 years: 45-270 µg/dL
  • 40-49 years: 32-240 µg/dL
  • 50-59 years: 26-200 µg/dL
  • 60-69 years: 13-130 µg/dL

  • 69 years: 17-90 µg/dL

Males

  • 1-12 months: 4.8-64.1 µg/dL
  • 1-4 years: 0.1-56.4 µg/dL
  • 5-8 years: 18-194 µg/dL
  • 9-11 years: 49.5-270.5 µg/dL
  • 12-14 years: 49.5-270.5 µg/dL
  • 15-19 years: 115.3-459.6 µg/dL
  • 20-29 years: 280-640 µg/dL
  • 30-39 years: 120-520 µg/dL
  • 40-49 years: 95-530 µg/dL
  • 50-59 years: 70-310 µg/dL
  • 60-69 years: 42-290 µg/dL

  • 69 years: 28-175 µg/dL

What High DHEA-S Levels Can Indicate

Symptoms of high DHEA-S levels include excessive body and facial hair growth, acne, irregular menstrual periods, and deepening voice. Some conditions that can cause elevated levels include:

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)

CAH affects adrenal glands' hormone production, leading to signs like ambiguous genitalia and rapid growth.

Adrenal Gland Tumor

Active adrenal tumors can secrete excess adrenal hormones, leading to elevated DHEA-S levels.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is a hormonal disorder characterized by high levels of androgens, leading to elevated DHEA-S.

What Low DHEA-S Levels Can Indicate

Symptoms of low DHEA-S include unexplained weight loss, nausea, low libido, and erectile dysfunction. Conditions causing low levels include:

Adrenal Insufficiency

This severe disorder involves insufficient hormone production from the adrenal glands.

Adrenal Fatigue

Often described in functional medicine, it's a collection of non-specific symptoms such as fatigue and stress management issues.

Hypopituitarism

This rare condition causes low hormone production from the pituitary gland, affecting adrenal function.

Aging

DHEA levels naturally decline with age.

Next Steps After Receiving Your Results

Consulting with an integrative endocrinologist or medical specialist is crucial after receiving DHEA-S test results. Further tests or investigations may be necessary to identify underlying causes.

In addressing DHEA-S imbalances, lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and medical interventions can play significant roles. Lifestyle adjustments, including stress management techniques, regular exercise, and adequate sleep, can positively impact hormone levels.

Summary

Empowering health through DHEA-S understanding is paramount. Accurate interpretation of DHEA-S test results is important in proactive health management. By taking proactive steps and working collaboratively with medical experts, individuals can address potential issues effectively.